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Plants have been a constant source of drugs and recently, much emphasis has been placed on finding novel therapeutic agents from medicinal plants. Today many people prefer to use medicinal plants rather than chemical drugs. Ferula asafoetida Linn: Asafoetida, the gum resin prized as a condiment in India and Iran, is obtained chiefly from plant Ferula asafoetida. The Latin name ferula means “carrier” or “vehicle”. Asa is a latinized form of Farsi asa “resin”, and Latin foetidus means “smelling, fetid”. In ancient Rome, asafoetida was stored in jars together with pine nuts, which were alone used to flavor delicate dishes. Another method is dissolving asafoetida in hot oil and adding the oil drop by drop to the food. If used with sufficient moderation, asafoetida enhances mushroom and vegetable dishes, but can also be used to give fried or barbecued meat a unique flavor. Ancient texts describe it as hingu and several centuries of its constant use have bestowed upon it the peculiarity of a tempting spice and trusted medicine. Hing is bitter and pungent in taste and light, sharp, unctuous and hot in effect. Ayurvedic texts have categorized hing as deepniya and sanjna-sthapaka (an appetiser and a restorer of consciousness). It is popular household remedies and its components are used for many prescriptions in traditional healing. Asafoetida is used as a flavoring agent and forms a constituent of many spice mixtures. It is used to flavor, curries, meatballs, dal and pickles. The whole plant is used as a fresh vegetable. The herb is also used as an antidote of opium. Given in the same quantity as opium ingested by the patient, it will counteract the effect of the drug.

In Afghanistan hot water extract of the dried gum is taken orally for hysteria and whooping cough and to treat ulcers.

[2] Decoction of the plant is taken orally as a vermifuge in China.

[3] Hot water extract of the dried root is taken orally as an antispasmodic, a diuretic, a vermifuge and an analgesic in Egypt.

[4] Gum is chewed for amenorrhea in Malaysia

[5] and as antiepileptic in Morocco.

[6] Water extract of the resin in Nepal is taken orally as an anthelmintic

[7] and in Saudi Arabia dried gum is used medicinally for whooping cough, asthma, and bronchitis.

[8] In Brazil hot water extract of the dried leaf and stem is taken orally by males as an aphrodisiac

[9] and oleoresin powder, crushed with the fingertips, is used as a condiment.

[10] Fluid extract of the resin is taken orally as an emmenagogue, a stimulating expectorant, an anthelmintic, an aphrodisiac, and a stimulant to the brain and nerves and claimed to be a powerful antispasmodic in United State.

Ferula asafoetida as traditional medicine in India

Asafoetida has been held in great esteem among indigenous medicines from the earliest times in India. It is reputed as a drug which expels wind from the stomach and counteracts any spasmodic disorders. It is also a nervine stimulant, digestive agent and a sedative. 

[11] A dry Lampyris noctiluca without head is mixed with 200–300 mg of Ferula and taken mornings and evenings for gallstones and kidney stones and potassium nitrate is added to the mixture for old stones.

[12] Hot water extract of the dried resin is taken orally as an emmenagogue

[13] and hot water extract of the dried gum is taken orally as a carminative, an antispasmodic, and an expectorant in chronic bronchitis.

[14] Dried extract with Brassica alba and rock salt is diluted with vinegar and taken orally as an abortifacient.

[15] Dried gum resin exudates are eaten to prevent guinea worm disease.

[16] Gum resin with salt and the bark juice of Moringa pterygospermais used externally for stomachaches.

[Source - PubMed Central® (PMC)]